微软数据中心之旅
发布于: 5年前 9'59" 139wpm
Where is the Microsoft Cloud?
In reality it exists in our vast worldwide network of datacenters that provide the foundation for a wide array of online services. When you use one of these services, for example to do a search query on Bing, your request travels from your PC or mobile phone across the internet connected by an extensive global fiber optic network through Microsoft's content delivery network nodes, moving at the speed of light to a datacenter that executes the query and returns the results all in the fraction of a second.
Microsoft's Cloud is comprised of the globally distributed datacenter infrastructure supporting over 200 online services. More than a billion customers and 20 million businesses in over 70 countries use these services each year.
The video above will give you a tour of a few of Microsoft's datacenters and show you how our global foundation services team, the team that designs, builds, operates and secures our cloud infrastructure is delivering high availability and reliability; high efficiency; smart scalability; a secure, private, trusted cloud and sustainability in all our facilities worldwide.
Microsoft has been operating datacenters since 1989 and this is an area where Microsoft continues to make significant strategic investments. From 1989 to 2004 our datacenters were built to address early computer systems that required controlled temperature environments in which to operate. From 2004 to 2007 we began to design our own large facilities to provide our online services with a range of solutions for more rapid deployment and more efficient operations. In 2007 we opened our first Generation 2 datacenter in Quincy Washington which began to change the industries standards for large scale internet datacenters.
Today the facility is approximately the size of 10 football fields and houses tens of thousands of high performance processing and storage servers and high density racks that are separated by hot and cool air aisles on a traditional raised floor. Chillers and air handling equipment ensure precise control over environmental conditions. Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS systems) and vast banks of batteries ensure our electricity remains continuous in the event of a short term power disruption. Emergency generators provide backup power for extended outages and for planned maintenance and can operate the datacenter with onsite fuel reserves in the event of a natural disaster. A high speed robust fibre optic network connects this datacenter with other major hubs and internet users. Edge compute nodes hosts workloads closer to the end users to reduce latency, provide geo-redundancy, and increase overall service resiliency. A team of engineers work around the clock to help ensure services are persistently available to customers. This facility is powered 100% by renewable hydro power.
To deliver cloud computing services for global businesses and consumers within a very cost effective and sustainable operation, we evolved our datacenter design strategy. Traditional datacenters take from 18-24 months to build. With Microsoft's modular approach, we worked to reduce costs and deployment time while increasing overall efficiency and sustainability.
In 2009 we opened our Chicago datacenter which spans approximately 10 football fields in size. It is a Generation 3 facility and was our first deployment of modular computing units to dramatically reduce infrastructure costs and the time to deploy large volumes of compute power. We used standard shipping containers to house up to 2400 servers that were trucked onsite and plugged into power, water and networking infrastructure already in place. This enabled them to scale out capacity to meet customer demands for services within hours versus weeks and significantly reduce packaging materials, transportation waste and carbon emissions.
Another green IT approach is the use of waterside economization which enables them to cool the facility without requiring the high levels of electricity typically needed to power large chillers. Power usage effectiveness (PUE) is the measure of total datacenter power consumption divided by IT (or critical power) and highlights how much power is consumed by supporting infrastructure versus the power to operate servers.
A typical industry datacenter has a PUE of approximately 2.0 where the amount of energy consumed for the facilities supporting infrastructure equals the energy to power the servers. This award winning datacenter has a PUE from 1.15 – 1.22 for the containers in the facility.
Also in 2009, we further developed the containment approach to deliver additional efficiencies in our Dublin Generation 3 facility. This facility spans approximately 7 football fields in size and deploys large scaled compute capacity contained in pods of servers cooled by airside economization. Air handling units on the roof draw in cold outside air to provide the cooling for the servers and facility. Evaporative coolers vaporizing water into the air to absorb heat and an air bypassing feature improves operational efficiency and maintains constant room temperature, regardless of outdoor conditions.
The facility uses less than 1% of the annual water consumption of a traditional datacenter.
their Dublin facility maintains a PUE of 1.25 and improves energy efficiency by approximately 50% as compared to our traditional datacenters of similar capacity.
In 2010 we began to build our first Generation 4 datacenter design, building on the Dublin experience using airside economization into a truly modular design. This technologically advanced facility challenged every industry design standard to significantly reduce water and power use, and it uniquely demonstrates how we have evolved our approach. their Generation 4 facility utilizes air cooled IT pre-manufactured components (IT packs). These state of the art pre-assembled plug and play modular components can be manufactured in many locations through a dynamic supply chain of globally distributed vendors and use recyclable materials such as steel and aluminum which are then shipped onsite and assembled.
IT packs allow rapid commissioning of additional compute capacity as the business needs it reducing the typical two-year construction timeframe in half and reducing capital costs by 30-50% over the lifetime of the facility.
The IT packs also provide self-contained UPS along with air handling and evaporative cooling systems to control ambient temperatures with 4 cooling modes to ensure the inlet temperatures maintained between 50-90 degrees Fahrenheit and 20-80% relative humidity. This simple recyclable metal building provides shelter from weather and directs proper airflow through all systems. This approach enables us to deliver PUEs of 1.15-1.2 across the facility and energy is provided from 100% renewable hydropower.
Operational excellence and services reliability comprise Microsoft's highest priorities. We ensure high availability through advanced monitoring and incident response, service support and backup failover capability managed through our geographically distributed Microsoft operations centers, operating 24/7x365. We also deploy one of the largest implementations of Microsoft systems center in the world and use our own data repository, called Scry, to record power consumption and allow precise costs allocation to our internal business groups.
In addition, our network is one of the largest in the world, with a fibre optic and content distribution network backbone connecting Microsoft's datacenters and edge nodes to ensure high performance and reliability. A large geographical distributed footprint of datacenters enables them to be close to customers to reduce network latency and allow for geo-redundant backup and failover.
Security at the datacenters employs outer and inner perimeters with increasing security at each level, utilizing a combination of technology and traditional physical measures. Technical elements include two factor access control, badge readers, extensive camera monitoring and integrated alarm systems. Traditional measures can include perimeter fencing, security officers and locked server racks.
Data secured in Microsoft's datacenters is classified based on its value and protected accordingly. For example, hard drives with highly sensitive information are routinely destroyed when we are decommissioned. We also limit access to facilities and servers to only those individuals who have valid business needs. In addition to maintaining best in class operations processes, we routinely bring in third parties to verify our capabilities, resulting in ISO and PCI (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) certifications, SSAE 72 type II attestations and FISMA (Federal Information Security Management Act) certification and accreditation.
Microsoft's award winning cloud infrastructure powers the cloud services our customers and partners use every day, so the next time you search on Bing, expand your customer services with Azure, communicate with employees be it via Office 365 or challenge your friends across the world on XBOX Live, you too are tapping into the power of the Microsoft Cloud.
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